HVAC, Air Quality & Home Comfort Glossary
Plain-English definitions of the terms you'll see on this site and in your estimate.
Cooling & heating
- SEER2
- Seasonal cooling-efficiency rating (2023 standard). Higher = more efficient.
- AFUE
- Furnace efficiency — % of fuel turned into heat.
- HSPF2
- Heating-efficiency rating for heat pumps.
- Heat pump
- Heats and cools by moving heat instead of burning fuel — efficient in mild Houston winters.
- Ductless / mini-split
- Ductless heat pump for rooms or additions.
- Tonnage
- AC capacity (1 ton ≈ 12,000 BTU/hr); set by a load calculation, not square footage.
- Manual J
- The load calculation that right-sizes equipment to your home.
- R-410A
- Legacy refrigerant being phased out under the EPA AIM Act.
- A2L (R-454B / R-32)
- Lower-GWP refrigerants used in new 2025+ systems.
- Short cycling
- Turning on/off too often — often oversizing or a fault.
Indoor air quality
- MERV
- Filter rating — higher captures smaller particles (balance with airflow).
- HEPA
- High-efficiency particulate filtration.
- UV germicidal light
- UV-C light that reduces microbial growth on the coil.
- Whole-home dehumidifier
- Controls humidity beyond what the AC alone manages.
- ERV / HRV
- Ventilator that brings in fresh air efficiently.
Building envelope
- U-factor
- Window heat-transfer rate — lower = better insulation.
- SHGC
- Solar Heat Gain Coefficient — lower = less solar heat (key for Houston).
- Low-E coating
- Window coating that reflects heat.
- R-value
- Insulation's resistance to heat flow — higher = better.
- Radiant barrier
- Reflective attic layer that cuts radiant heat gain.
- Attic ventilation
- Intake/exhaust airflow that manages attic heat and moisture.
Codes, systems & credentials
- IMC / IPC / IFGC
- Adopted Mechanical / Plumbing / Fuel-Gas codes (edition set by your AHJ).
- AHJ
- Authority Having Jurisdiction — your local building department.
- TDLR
- Texas Dept. of Licensing & Regulation — licenses HVAC contractors.
- EPA certified
- Certified to handle refrigerants per federal rule.